Comparison of Naïve Bayes and K-Nearest Neighbors Methods in Classifying Human Development Index by Districts/City Indonesia in 2022

Abstract

The Human Development Index (HDI) is an indicator used to measure the success of efforts to improve the quality of human life in a particular region. Indonesia's HDI has increased every year, but the HDI in several districts/cities in Indonesia remains in the low category. The low HDI in these districts/cities is due to unequal development between regions in Indonesia. This disparity in development is influenced by HDI indicators as well as other factors. To address this issue, a decision system is needed to determine HDI categories using the Naive Bayes and KNN methods. Naive Bayes is applied with the assumption of Gaussian distribution, while KNN is implemented with the optimization of the nearest K value. Model performance evaluation is conducted to determine the best accuracy of the two methods using a confusion matrix. The analysis results show that the Naïve Bayes model outperforms the KNN algorithm in classifying the Human Development Index (HDI) by district/city in Indonesia for the year 2022, with Naïve Bayes achieving an accuracy of 93%. Therefore, the Naïve Bayes algorithm show good performance in terms of accuracy.