Modeling Human Development Index in Papua and West Sumatera with Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline

Abstract

The Human Development Index (HDI), is an indicator of the successful development of the quality of human life. The high value of HDI, shows the better development of a region. The purpose of this study is to model and determine the factors affect HDI in Papua Province and West Sumatera Province, using Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline (MARS). MARS is one of the modeling methods that can handle high-dimensional data. The result of this study showed that the best MARS model for Papua Province is a combination of (BF=24, MI=2, and MO=0) with a minimum GCV value of 0.55953. while the best MARS model for West Sumatera Province is a combination of (BF=24, MI=2, and MO=0) with a minimum GCV value of 0.02697. Based on the model, the factors that significantly affect HDI in Papua Province and West Sumatera Province are average years of schooling (X₂), adjusted per-capita income (X₆), life expectancy (X₁), percentage of poor people (X₄), and gross regional domestic product (X₃). The percentage level of importance of each variable for Papua Province is 100%, 45.26%, 29.24%, 6.55%, and 6.27%. Meanwhile, for West Sumatera Province it is 100%, 96.73%, 57.54%, 34.13%, and 29.6%, respectively. So in this case, based on the results of the study, the average years of schooling (X₂) is the variable that most influences HDI in the two regions, with an importance level of 100%.