Extended Cox Model for Analyzing Factors Influencing Time to First Employment After Graduation in West Sumatra

Abstract

The transition from education to employment has become one of the employment challenges in West Sumatra Province. This study aims to analyze the factors affecting the duration of obtaining a first job using the Extended Cox Proportional Hazard model. The data used were obtained from the August 2025 National Labor Force Survey (Sakernas) with variables including age, gender, educational attainment, regional classification, training, and work experience. The results show that age, educational attainment, and regional classification significantly affect the duration of obtaining a first job. Age has a positive effect that decreases over time, while higher educational attainment tends to increase job waiting time. Individuals living in rural areas tend to obtain jobs faster than those in urban areas. Meanwhile, gender and work experience are not significant, whereas training is significant through its interaction with time. Overall, the duration of obtaining a first job is influenced by individual factors, regional characteristics, and time-varying effects of the variables